Ivan IV the Terrible

Ivan IV crowned first Tsar of All Russia at age 16 - transforms from Grand Prince to Emperor, claims Caesar's authority

Ivan the Terrible conquers Kazan Khanate - breaks Mongol-Tatar power, opens Siberia to Russian expansion

Ivan the Terrible annexes Astrakhan - gains control of entire Volga River, access to Caspian Sea

Ivan the Terrible establishes Oprichnina - creates parallel state with secret police, reign of terror begins

Ivan the Terrible kills his son and heir Ivan Ivanovich in rage - ensures future Time of Troubles