33 events with tag "topology"
1736
ID: 403
Euler solves the Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem, founding graph theory and topology
ID: 403
1736
ID: 505
Leonhard Euler solves Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem, founding graph theory
ID: 505
1748
ID: 529
Leonhard Euler develops theory of polyhedra and Euler's formula V - E + F = 2
ID: 529
1750
ID: 424
Euler discovers the polyhedron formula V - E + F = 2, relating vertices, edges, and faces of convex polyhedra
ID: 424
1813
ID: 450
Siméon Denis Poisson notes duality between vertices and faces of polyhedra, early graph duality concept
ID: 450
1833
ID: 443
Gauss studies linking of closed curves, founding mathematical knot theory
ID: 443
1840
ID: 445
August Ferdinand Möbius solves the 'five princes problem' using what would later be called graph coloring
ID: 445
1847
ID: 448
Johann Benedict Listing coins the term 'topology' in his 'Vorstudien zur Topologie'
ID: 448
1851
ID: 889
Riemann develops theory of Riemann surfaces - multi-valued complex functions
ID: 889
1858
ID: 447
Möbius and Listing independently discover the Möbius strip, a one-sided surface
ID: 447
1858
ID: 914
August Mobius discovers Mobius strip - challenges intuitive concepts of geometry
ID: 914
1892
ID: 1108
Henri Poincare develops topology and qualitative theory of differential equations - foundation for chaos theory
ID: 1108
1895
ID: 4604
Henri Poincaré introduces homology theory - algebraic approach to topology
ID: 4604
1906
ID: 1163
Maurice Fréchet develops systematic theory of metric spaces - Creates abstract framework for mathematical analysis - Foundation for modern topology and functional analysis
ID: 1163
1909
ID: 1184
Luitzen Brouwer develops systematic topology theory - Creates fixed-point theorems and topological methods
ID: 1184
1911
ID: 4606
Brouwer proves fixed-point theorem - stirring coffee always has stationary point
ID: 4606
1911
ID: 4607
Brouwer proves dimension invariance - R^n and R^m not homeomorphic if n≠m
ID: 4607
1914
ID: 4609
Felix Hausdorff publishes Grundzüge der Mengenlehre - systematic foundation of topology
ID: 4609
1935
ID: 1438
Whitney develops systematic differential topology - Creates theory of smooth manifolds and embeddings
ID: 1438
1946
ID: 4573
Jean Leray develops sheaf theory in POW camp - revolutionizes algebraic topology
ID: 4573
1959
ID: 4617
Atiyah and Hirzebruch develop topological K-theory - vector bundles classify spaces
ID: 4617
1967
ID: 1842
Michael Atiyah and Isadore Singer prove index theorem - Connection between topology and analysis
ID: 1842
1972
ID: 4618
René Thom publishes catastrophe theory - topology of sudden changes
ID: 4618
1974
ID: 4495
William Thurston conjectures geometrization of 3-manifolds
ID: 4495
1989
ID: 4501
Vaughan Jones discovers new polynomial invariant for knots
ID: 4501
1989
ID: 4553
Witten connects Chern-Simons theory to Jones polynomial - quantum field theory computes knot invariants
ID: 4553
1999
ID: 4509
Kauffman introduces virtual knots - knots in thickened surfaces with virtual crossings
ID: 4509
2000
ID: 4554
Khovanov homology categorifies Jones polynomial - stronger than all polynomial knot invariants
ID: 4554
2002
ID: 3078
Grigori Perelman proves Poincaré Conjecture using differential geometry - resolves 100-year-old topology problem
ID: 3078
2003
ID: 3094
Grisha Perelman develops Ricci flow techniques for topology - revolutionizes geometric topology
ID: 3094
2005
ID: 4556
Persistent homology tracks topological features over time - birth/death of structures
ID: 4556
2007
ID: 4555
Mapper algorithm approximates manifolds from point clouds - found breast cancer subgroups
ID: 4555
2010
ID: 3189
Jacob Lurie develops systematic higher category theory - foundation for modern homotopy theory
ID: 3189