Events from 1194

Richard Lionheart ransomed for 150,000 marks - twice England's annual revenue

Richard builds Château Gaillard - 'Saucy Castle' on Seine to defend Normandy, engineering masterpiece completed in two years

Royal archives established - Philip Augustus creates permanent record-keeping after losing documents at Fréteval

Richard I ransomed for 150,000 marks - twice England's annual revenue, Eleanor organizes collection