109 events with tag "France"
42
ID: 5971
Traditional arrival of St. Mary Magdalene in Provence - flees persecution with Martha and Lazarus, lands at Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer
ID: 5971
48
ID: 4176
St. Martha tames the Tarasque - dragon terrorizing Tarascon subdued with holy water and prayer (Provençal chronicles)
ID: 4176
550
ID: 4178
St. Leonard defeats forest dragon - hermit saint confronts dragon in Limousin forest (French hagiographies)
ID: 4178
720
ID: 4161
St. Giles born in Athens - becomes hermit in France, fed by doe's milk, wounded by arrow meant for doe
ID: 4161
751
ID: 2885
Merovingian legacy - established Francia, made it Catholic, created basis for France and Holy Roman Empire, legendary long-haired kings
ID: 2885
939
ID: 3961
Stephen VIII becomes hundred-twenty-seventh pope - puppet of Alberic II, mediates between Germany and France
ID: 3961
986
ID: 2959
Death of Lothair of France - last effective Carolingian king, son Louis V succeeds
ID: 2959
987
ID: 2961
July 987
Hugh Capet elected King of France - Count of Paris founds Capetian dynasty, Carolingians extinct in France, new dynasty will rule until 1792
ID: 2961
987
ID: 5176
December 25, 987
Robert II crowned co-king - Hugh Capet associates son to ensure Capetian succession, establishing precedent
ID: 5176
996
ID: 5177
October 24, 996
Death of Hugh Capet - Robert II the Pious becomes sole king, Capetian dynasty survives first succession
ID: 5177
998
ID: 5178
Robert II excommunicated for marrying cousin Bertha of Burgundy - Pope Gregory V enforces Church marriage laws
ID: 5178
1000
ID: 5179
Robert II begins healing scrofula by royal touch - establishes sacred kingship tradition lasting 800 years
ID: 5179
1027
ID: 5180
Henry I crowned co-king at Reims - Robert II associates eldest surviving son after deaths of older brothers
ID: 5180
1031
ID: 5182
Queen Mother Constance supports younger sons against Henry I - civil war erupts, Henry prevails with help from Robert of Normandy
ID: 5182
1031
ID: 5181
July 20, 1031
Death of Robert II the Pious - Henry I becomes sole king after civil war with younger brothers
ID: 5181
1054
ID: 3739
Battle of Mortemer - William defeats French invasion, King Henry I's brother captured
ID: 3739
1054
ID: 5183
Henry I defeated by William of Normandy at Mortemer - French royal power at nadir, confined to Île-de-France
ID: 5183
1059
ID: 5184
Philip I crowned co-king at age 7 - Henry I ensures succession before death
ID: 5184
1060
ID: 5185
August 4, 1060
Death of Henry I - Philip I becomes king at age 8, regency of Baldwin V of Flanders
ID: 5185
1092
ID: 5186
Philip I 'abducts' Bertrade de Montfort - abandons wife for Count of Anjou's wife, excommunicated for bigamy
ID: 5186
1098
ID: 5187
Louis VI designated heir - Philip I associates son Louis the Fat despite Church opposition
ID: 5187
1108
ID: 5189
Abbot Suger becomes Louis VI's advisor - brilliant administrator from Saint-Denis begins transforming royal government
ID: 5189
1108
ID: 5188
July 29, 1108
Death of Philip I - dies at Melun, Louis VI the Fat becomes king, begins royal revival
ID: 5188
1109
ID: 5190
Louis VI begins pacifying Île-de-France - wars against robber barons like Hugh of Le Puiset, establishes royal authority
ID: 5190
1110
ID: 5191
Louis VI grants charter to Laon commune - allies with towns against feudal lords, new source of royal support
ID: 5191
1119
ID: 5192
August 20, 1119
Battle of Brémule - Louis VI defeated by Henry I of England, narrow escape, legend of Montjoie war cry
ID: 5192
1135
ID: 5193
Suger begins rebuilding Saint-Denis - creates first Gothic church, new architectural style spreads across Europe
ID: 5193
1137
ID: 5195
July 25, 1137
Louis VII marries Eleanor of Aquitaine - brings vast duchy to French crown, doubles royal domain
ID: 5195
1137
ID: 5194
August 1, 1137
Death of Louis VI the Fat - dies enormously obese but leaves strengthened monarchy to son Louis VII
ID: 5194
1147
ID: 5196
Louis VII departs on Second Crusade - leaves France from Saint-Denis, Suger as regent, disastrous expedition
ID: 5196
1151
ID: 5197
January 13, 1151
Death of Abbot Suger - 'Father of the Country' dies, Louis VII loses greatest advisor
ID: 5197
1152
ID: 5198
March 21, 1152
Annulment of Louis VII and Eleanor - Church grants annulment for consanguinity, Eleanor immediately marries Henry II, France loses Aquitaine
ID: 5198
1165
ID: 5199
August 21, 1165
Birth of Philip Augustus - 'God-given' heir born after Louis VII's three marriages, future great king
ID: 5199
1179
ID: 5200
November 1, 1179
Philip Augustus crowned co-king - Louis VII paralyzed by stroke, ensures succession at Reims
ID: 5200
1180
ID: 210
Philip Augustus becomes King of France at 15 - will triple royal domain, create modern French state
ID: 210
1180
ID: 5201
September 18, 1180
Death of Louis VII - Philip Augustus becomes sole king at 15, begins transformation of France
ID: 5201
1190
ID: 5203
Philip Augustus departs on Third Crusade with Richard Lionheart - leaves regency to mother and uncle, returns early
ID: 5203
1190
ID: 5241
Philip Augustus creates baillis - royal officials to administer justice and collect taxes, foundation of centralized state
ID: 5241
1194
ID: 5242
Royal archives established - Philip Augustus creates permanent record-keeping after losing documents at Fréteval
ID: 5242
1204
ID: 5204
Philip Augustus takes Normandy - captures Rouen, ends 300 years of Norman control, John Lackland flees
ID: 5204
1209
ID: 5206
Philip Augustus allows Albigensian Crusade - northern barons invade Languedoc, eventually brings south under royal control
ID: 5206
1214
ID: 2391
July 27, 1214
Battle of Bouvines - John's coalition crushed by Philip Augustus, last hope of recovering French lands destroyed
ID: 2391
1214
ID: 5205
July 27, 1214
Battle of Bouvines - Philip Augustus defeats coalition of England, Flanders, and Empire, establishes France as major power
ID: 5205
1223
ID: 5207
July 14, 1223
Death of Philip Augustus - dies at Mantes, tripled royal domain, created administrative monarchy, Louis VIII succeeds
ID: 5207
1223
ID: 5208
August 6, 1223
Coronation of Louis VIII the Lion - first Capetian not crowned during father's lifetime, succession now secure
ID: 5208
1226
ID: 5209
Louis VIII leads royal crusade against Cathars - takes Avignon after siege, establishes royal power in south
ID: 5209
1226
ID: 5211
Blanche of Castile becomes regent - Spanish mother rules France for minor son, defeats baronial rebellions
ID: 5211
1226
ID: 5210
November 8, 1226
Death of Louis VIII - dies of dysentery returning from Albigensian Crusade, 12-year-old Louis IX succeeds
ID: 5210
1227
ID: 5212
Baronial rebellion against Blanche of Castile - Count of Champagne and others rebel against foreign woman regent, she prevails
ID: 5212
1234
ID: 5213
Louis IX assumes personal rule - begins just reign, establishes royal courts, becomes model Christian king
ID: 5213
1239
ID: 5214
Louis IX acquires Crown of Thorns - purchases Christ's crown from Latin Emperor, builds Sainte-Chapelle to house it
ID: 5214
1241
ID: 5215
Louis IX begins Sainte-Chapelle - Gothic masterpiece built as reliquary chapel, completed in 6 years
ID: 5215
1242
ID: 2398
Battle of Taillebourg - Henry III's attempt to recover Poitou ends in humiliating defeat by Louis IX
ID: 2398
1248
ID: 5216
Louis IX departs on Seventh Crusade - sails from Aigues-Mortes, well-organized expedition to Egypt
ID: 5216
1252
ID: 5218
November 27, 1252
Death of Blanche of Castile - great queen mother and regent dies, had ruled France during son's absence
ID: 5218
1254
ID: 5219
Louis IX returns from Holy Land - begins great judicial and administrative reforms, creates Parlement of Paris
ID: 5219
1258
ID: 5243
Louis IX abolishes trial by ordeal - replaces with rational judicial procedures, witnesses and evidence
ID: 5243
1259
ID: 2401
Treaty of Paris - Henry III renounces claims to Normandy, Anjou, and Poitou but keeps Gascony as fief of France
ID: 2401
1259
ID: 5220
Treaty of Paris - Louis IX makes peace with Henry III, returns some lands but keeps Normandy, ends 100 years of conflict
ID: 5220
1270
ID: 5223
Philip III the Bold becomes king - succeeds sainted father, weak king dominated by favorites
ID: 5223
1270
ID: 5221
July 1270
Louis IX departs on Eighth Crusade - ill-advised expedition to Tunis, hoping to convert Emir
ID: 5221
1285
ID: 5225
Philip IV the Fair crowned - most powerful medieval French king begins reign, will destroy Templars and defy Pope
ID: 5225
1285
ID: 5224
October 5, 1285
Death of Philip III - dies at Perpignan during retreat from failed Aragon crusade, Philip IV succeeds
ID: 5224
1296
ID: 5226
Philip IV taxes clergy - defies Pope Boniface VIII's prohibition, begins great Church-State conflict
ID: 5226
1297
ID: 5244
August 11, 1297
Louis IX canonized by Pope Boniface VIII - only French king to become saint, model of Christian kingship
ID: 5244
1302
ID: 5227
First Estates General convened - Philip IV summons three estates to Notre-Dame to support him against Pope
ID: 5227
1303
ID: 56
September 7, 1303
Outrage at Anagni - Philip IV's men assault Pope Boniface VIII
ID: 56
1307
ID: 57
October 13, 1307
Knights Templar arrested throughout France on Friday 13th
ID: 57
1307
ID: 5229
October 13, 1307
Templars arrested throughout France - Philip IV arrests all Templars on Friday 13th, begins destruction of order
ID: 5229
1314
ID: 5232
Tour de Nesle scandal - Philip IV's three daughters-in-law accused of adultery, two lovers executed, princesses imprisoned
ID: 5232
1314
ID: 5231
November 29, 1314
Death of Philip IV - dies of stroke months after Molay's curse, leaves three sons, Louis X succeeds
ID: 5231
1315
ID: 5233
April 30, 1315
Enguerrand de Marigny hanged - Philip IV's minister executed by Louis X, scapegoat for previous reign
ID: 5233
1316
ID: 5235
Philip V takes throne - excludes niece Joan and posthumous John I who dies at 5 days, establishes male-only succession
ID: 5235
1316
ID: 5234
June 5, 1316
Death of Louis X - dies after drinking cold wine following tennis match, leaves pregnant widow
ID: 5234
1322
ID: 5237
Charles IV the Fair becomes king - third son of Philip IV to reign, last direct Capetian
ID: 5237
1322
ID: 5236
January 3, 1322
Death of Philip V - dies without male heir after 5-year reign, brother Charles IV succeeds
ID: 5236
1328
ID: 5238
February 1, 1328
Death of Charles IV - dies without male heir, direct Capetian line ends after 341 years, succession crisis begins
ID: 5238
1328
ID: 5239
May 29, 1328
Philip VI of Valois crowned - nephew of Philip IV chosen over Edward III of England, Valois dynasty begins, leads to Hundred Years' War
ID: 5239
1337
ID: 62
Hundred Years' War begins between England and France
ID: 62
1337
ID: 2434
Hundred Years War begins - Edward III claims French throne through his mother Isabella
ID: 2434
1353
ID: 3578
The Shroud in Lirey, France - First Western exhibition - Geoffroi de Charny displays Shroud publicly - Pilgrims report healings before the image
ID: 3578
1369
ID: 2444
War resumes - France recovers under Charles V and Du Guesclin using Fabian tactics, avoiding battles
ID: 2444
1396
ID: 2456
Twenty-eight year truce with France - Richard II marries 6-year-old Isabella of Valois for peace
ID: 2456
1415
ID: 2474
August 13, 1415
Henry V invades France - lands at Harfleur with 12,000 men, dysentery soon decimates army
ID: 2474
1420
ID: 2479
May 21, 1420
Treaty of Troyes - Henry V recognized as heir to France, marries Catherine of Valois, disinherits Dauphin
ID: 2479
1428
ID: 3557
St. Joan: Voices become urgent - 'Go to France! Go! Go!' - St. Catherine and St. Margaret appear: 'God has great pity on the people of France'
ID: 3557
1431
ID: 2484
December 16, 1431
Henry VI crowned King of France at Notre-Dame - only English king crowned in France, but Joan of Arc has changed the war
ID: 2484
1533
ID: 5156
Catherine de' Medici marries future Henry II of France - will become Queen, mother of three French kings
ID: 5156
1560
ID: 5157
Catherine de' Medici becomes Regent of France - rules for son Charles IX, navigates Wars of Religion
ID: 5157
1560
ID: 5692
Jean Nicot introduces tobacco to French court as medicine - nicotine later named after him
ID: 5692
1562
ID: 3494
Jesuits arrive at French Court - Within decade, confessors to Catholic nobility - Huguenot complaint: 'They turn our own learning against us'
ID: 3494
1600
ID: 5172
October 6, 1600
Marie de' Medici marries Henry IV of France - second Medici queen of France, mother of Louis XIII
ID: 5172
1610
ID: 3453
Assassination of Henri IV of France - Jesuits blamed (unfairly) for regicide - Creates atmosphere of apocalyptic Protestant-Catholic struggle
ID: 3453
1610
ID: 5173
Marie de' Medici becomes Regent of France after Henry IV assassinated - rules for young Louis XIII
ID: 5173
1615
ID: 5695
Chocolate reaches France via Spanish princess marriage to Louis XIII - becomes aristocratic fashion
ID: 5695
1660
ID: 3420
St. Vincent de Paul dies - transformed French Church - 25,000 attend funeral - 'Love is inventive to infinity'
ID: 3420
1662
ID: 2301
Colbert establishes société en commandite in France - limited partnership form spreading from Italy, sleeping partners risk only investment
ID: 2301
1681
ID: 2304
French Code de Commerce distinguishes three partnership types - société générale (general), en commandite (limited), and anonyme (by shares)
ID: 2304
1777
ID: 2321
French establish juridiction consulaire - merchant courts for bankruptcy with elected merchant judges
ID: 2321
1785
ID: 5676
Parmentier promotes potatoes in France - pharmacist publishes treatise, hosts potato dinners, plants guard-protected fields as publicity stunt
ID: 5676
1787
ID: 625
France faces financial crisis from wars - Assembly of Notables refuses new taxes on nobility
ID: 625
1788
ID: 628
French judicial revolt - Parlements refuse royal edicts, Louis XVI announces Estates-General for 1789
ID: 628
1791
ID: 641
Pope Pius VI condemns Civil Constitution of Clergy with Quod Aliquantum and Charitas
ID: 641
1830
ID: 781
July Revolution in France occurs during Pope Pius VIII's pontificate
ID: 781
1837
ID: 2338
Registration of partnerships required in France - public registry of partnership agreements, partners, and capital contributions
ID: 2338
1854
ID: 901
First reinforced concrete structure built by Francois Coignet in France
ID: 901
1955
ID: 1696
Final French releases of remaining war criminals from occupation period
ID: 1696
1962
ID: 5264
St. Genevieve becomes patron of French gendarmes - Pope John XXIII declares her patron of military police
ID: 5264
1963
ID: 1798
Élysée Treaty signed between France and Germany, establishing framework for cooperation
ID: 1798