1857
ID: 406
William Rowan Hamilton invents the Icosian game, introducing Hamiltonian paths and cycles
ID: 406
1857
ID: 407
Arthur Cayley begins enumerating trees, motivated by counting chemical isomers
ID: 407
1857
ID: 910
Arthur Cayley develops systematic matrix algebra - foundation for linear algebra
ID: 910
1857
ID: 911
Perkin's mauveine dye first sold commercially, launching synthetic dye industry
ID: 911
1857
ID: 5579
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder becomes Chief of Prussian General Staff - begins modernizing army with railways and telegraph
ID: 5579