50 events with tag "Prussia"
1691
ID: 3439
Spener Becomes Provost in Berlin - Frederick III personally recruits him from Dresden - Pietism now has direct access to Prussian power center - Spener's private conventicles include high government officials
ID: 3439
1701
ID: 470
Frederick III crowns himself King Frederick I in Prussia with Pietist theological justification from Spener
ID: 470
1713
ID: 477
Frederick William I 'Soldier King' takes Prussian throne, implements Pietist discipline: 'Prussia must be governed like a regiment'
ID: 477
1717
ID: 480
Frederick William I makes education compulsory in Prussia with Pietist pedagogy: 'breaking of natural will is primary purpose'
ID: 480
1727
ID: 490
Pietist 'Collegium' system implemented in Prussian government - small groups personally accountable to king with moral supervision
ID: 490
1730
ID: 494
Crown Prince Frederick attempts escape from Prussia with von Katte; forced to watch friend's execution and undergo Pietist re-education
ID: 494
1740
ID: 511
Frederick the Great takes throne, rejects Pietism for French Enlightenment but maintains Pietist administration
ID: 511
1750
ID: 534
Prussian Military Chaplain's Manual: 'Drill is prayer made visible; parade formation is theology in space'
ID: 534
1750
ID: 535
Height of Pietist control in Prussia - every government position requires Halle connections
ID: 535
1756
ID: 5675
Potatoes save Prussia from famine - Frederick the Great orders cultivation, prevents starvation during Seven Years' War
ID: 5675
1763
ID: 566
General School Regulations after Seven Years' War intensify Pietist education with conduct books
ID: 566
1807
ID: 5574
Prussian Military Reform Commission established after devastating defeat at Jena-Auerstedt - Scharnhorst and Gneisenau begin revolutionary reforms
ID: 5574
1808
ID: 692
Wilhelm Schallmayer wins Krupp Prize for essay on heredity and selection in Prussia
ID: 692
1808
ID: 5575
Scharnhorst implements Krumpersystem - rotating short-term conscripts to build trained reserve army despite Napoleon's 42,000-man limit
ID: 5575
1810
ID: 5576
Prussian War Academy (Kriegsakademie) founded in Berlin - creates professional general staff officer corps with scientific military education
ID: 5576
1811
ID: 701
Heinrich von Kleist publishes Prince of Homburg, defining Prussian literary romanticism
ID: 701
1813
ID: 704
Prussia joins Sixth Coalition against Napoleon; Battle of Leipzig defeats Napoleon
ID: 704
1813
ID: 5577
Universal conscription introduced in Prussia - every male citizen owes military service, creating Landwehr (militia) system
ID: 5577
1815
ID: 711
Congress of Vienna - Prussia regains territories, gains Rhineland, leads German Confederation
ID: 711
1832
ID: 5578
Carl von Clausewitz's 'On War' published posthumously - revolutionizes military theory with concepts of friction, fog of war, and war as politics
ID: 5578
1834
ID: 799
Prussian-led Zollverein established - German Customs Union creates economic unity
ID: 799
1835
ID: 803
First German railway line opens Nuremberg to Furth - Prussia leads European railroad development
ID: 803
1840
ID: 819
Frederick William IV becomes King of Prussia - initially raises hopes for liberal reform
ID: 819
1850
ID: 879
Punctation of Olmutz - Prussia backs down from confrontation with Austria
ID: 879
1852
ID: 892
Theodor Fontane begins work as war correspondent, later Prussia's greatest realist novelist
ID: 892
1857
ID: 5579
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder becomes Chief of Prussian General Staff - begins modernizing army with railways and telegraph
ID: 5579
1858
ID: 912
Wilhelm I becomes regent as Frederick William IV becomes incapacitated
ID: 912
1859
ID: 5580
Albrecht von Roon becomes Prussian War Minister - proposes army reorganization extending service to 3 years, strengthening regular army over Landwehr
ID: 5580
1861
ID: 929
Wilhelm I becomes King of Prussia
ID: 929
1862
ID: 931
Otto von Bismarck appointed Minister President of Prussia during constitutional crisis
ID: 931
1862
ID: 5581
Prussian constitutional crisis begins - parliament refuses military budget, Bismarck rules without approval to fund Roon's army reforms
ID: 5581
1862
ID: 5582
Moltke institutionalizes Kriegsspiel (war games) for general staff training - officers practice campaigns on detailed maps with dice for friction
ID: 5582
1863
ID: 940
Ferdinand Lassalle founds first German workers party in Prussia - state socialism approach
ID: 940
1864
ID: 945
Second Schleswig War - Prussia and Austria defeat Denmark, gain Schleswig-Holstein
ID: 945
1864
ID: 5583
Moltke perfects railway mobilization plans - Prussia can concentrate armies faster than any European power using detailed timetables
ID: 5583
1864
ID: 5584
Prussian army fully equipped with Dreyse needle gun - breech-loading rifle allows soldiers to fire prone at 5 rounds per minute
ID: 5584
1865
ID: 5585
Prussian army adopts flexible company column tactics - independent unit maneuver replaces rigid line formations, emphasizing firepower
ID: 5585
1866
ID: 951
Austro-Prussian War - Prussia defeats Austria at Battle of Koniggratz
ID: 951
1866
ID: 952
North German Confederation formed under Prussian leadership, excluding Austria
ID: 952
1866
ID: 5586
Moltke implements Auftragstaktik (mission-type tactics) - subordinate commanders given objectives but freedom in execution
ID: 5586
1866
ID: 5588
Seven Weeks' War ends - Prussia's military reforms proven decisive, Moltke's planning and modern army crush traditional Austrian forces
ID: 5588
1866
ID: 5587
July 3, 1866
Battle of Koniggratz (Sadowa) - Moltke's converging armies crush Austrians using superior tactics, needle guns, and artillery concentration
ID: 5587
1867
ID: 957
Karl Marx publishes Das Kapital Volume I drawing on Prussian industrial conditions
ID: 957
1867
ID: 5589
Prussian army adopts Krupp steel breech-loading artillery - superior range and rate of fire over bronze muzzle-loaders
ID: 5589
1869
ID: 5590
Moltke develops Vernichtungsgedanke (annihilation concept) - strategic encirclement to destroy enemy armies, not just defeat them
ID: 5590
1869
ID: 5591
Moltke introduces staff rides - officers study actual terrain where battles might occur, practicing reconnaissance and planning
ID: 5591
1872
ID: 982
Heinrich Schliemann begins excavations of Troy, funded partly by Prussian patronage
ID: 982
1883
ID: 1044
Prussian social insurance system established, becoming model for welfare states worldwide
ID: 1044
1891
ID: 1101
Social Democratic Party adopts Erfurt Program in Prussia - orthodox Marxist theory with electoral politics
ID: 1101
1908
ID: 1174
Wilhelm Schallmayer wins Krupp Prize for essay on heredity and selection, promoting social Darwinist policies in Prussia
ID: 1174