Events Tagged: "canon law"

Pope Gregory VII issues Dictatus Papae - 27 propositions asserting papal supremacy over temporal rulers and exclusive right to depose emperors

Concordat of Worms - separation of spiritual and temporal investiture, foundation for dual legal systems

Gratian completes Decretum - systematic compilation of canon law, basis for Catholic legal system

Gratian completes Concordia discordantium canonum (Decretum) at Bologna - systematic harmonization of 3,800 texts of canon law, becomes foundation of Church legal system

Third Lateran Council requires cathedral schools - legal education spreads beyond Bologna as Church mandates schools at every cathedral

Tancred of Bologna writes Ordo iudiciarius - standard procedural manual for ecclesiastical courts, spreads Romano-canonical procedure across Europe

Fourth Lateran Council mandates annual confession and prohibits clergy from participating in ordeals - transforms both spiritual discipline and legal proof

Liber Extra promulgated by Gregory IX - first official collection of papal decretals, systematizes canon law legislation

Hostiensis develops theory of corporation - universitas as fictive person distinct from members, can own property, sue and be sued

Unam Sanctam - Boniface VIII declares temporal power subject to spiritual, peak of papal legal claims before collapse at Anagni

Council of Trent begins reform of canon law - responding to Protestant challenge, clarifying marriage law and ecclesiastical jurisdiction