46 events with tag "monastery"
480
ID: 3797
St. Brigid founds Kildare - double monastery for men and women, major center of Celtic Christianity
ID: 3797
552
ID: 4177
St. Armel leads dragon from Brittany - uses his stole to lead dragon from monastery to cliff, commands it to jump (Breton chronicles)
ID: 4177
563
ID: 2541
St. Columba founds monastery on Iona - Irish Christianity spreads to Scotland and northern England
ID: 2541
730
ID: 4920
St. John Damascene writes defense of holy images against iconoclasm - enters monastery at Mar Saba
ID: 4920
747
ID: 2876
Carloman retires to monastery - leaves Francia to brother Pepin, becomes monk at Monte Cassino
ID: 2876
751
ID: 2878
Childeric III deposed - last Merovingian king tonsured and sent to monastery, Merovingian dynasty ends after 275 years
ID: 2878
793
ID: 2548
June 8, 793
Vikings raid Lindisfarne - 'dragons' seen in sky, monastery destroyed, beginning of Viking Age in England
ID: 2548
794
ID: 3696
Vikings raid Jarrow monastery - sister monastery to Lindisfarne attacked, but Vikings suffer heavy losses in storm
ID: 3696
795
ID: 2624
Vikings sack Iona - Columba's monastery destroyed, 68 monks killed, treasures stolen
ID: 2624
910
ID: 5443
September 11, 910
Abbey of Cluny founded by William I, Duke of Aquitaine, who donates land for a monastery to be placed directly under papal authority, free from local secular and ecclesiastical control
ID: 5443
927
ID: 5444
Odo becomes second abbot of Cluny, begins major expansion of Cluniac reform movement throughout Europe
ID: 5444
942
ID: 5454
November 18, 942
Saint Odo of Cluny dies; as second abbot he spread Cluniac reform to monasteries throughout France and Italy, establishing Cluny's network of dependent priories
ID: 5454
948
ID: 5445
Mayeul becomes fourth abbot of Cluny, continues expansion and increases monastery's influence
ID: 5445
972
ID: 5455
Saint Mayeul of Cluny captured by Saracens in Alps, miraculously freed after ransom; event leads to expulsion of Saracen stronghold at Fraxinetum
ID: 5455
994
ID: 5446
Odilo becomes fifth abbot of Cluny, introduces All Souls' Day (November 2) for commemoration of all faithful departed
ID: 5446
998
ID: 5460
Pope Gregory V confirms Cluny's complete exemption from all authority except the Pope, making it independent of bishops and secular rulers
ID: 5460
1000
ID: 5459
Cluny develops elaborate liturgical practices with nearly perpetual prayer - monks spend up to 8 hours daily in choir, influencing Western liturgy
ID: 5459
1001
ID: 3732
Richard II refounds Fรฉcamp Abbey - brings Italian reformers, becomes intellectual center of Normandy
ID: 3732
1003
ID: 3977
John XVIII becomes hundred-forty-first pope - possibly abdicated to become monk at St. Paul's
ID: 3977
1027
ID: 5456
Saint Odilo of Cluny promotes the Truce of God movement, forbidding warfare on certain holy days - spreads from Cluny throughout France
ID: 5456
1040
ID: 5463
Cluny establishes extensive charitable operations, feeding thousands of poor annually and providing hospitality to pilgrims on route to Santiago de Compostela
ID: 5463
1049
ID: 5447
Hugh the Great becomes sixth abbot of Cluny, begins his 60-year abbacy - longest in Cluny's history
ID: 5447
1050
ID: 5462
Cluny's scriptorium produces magnificent illuminated manuscripts, spreading Cluniac artistic style throughout European monasteries
ID: 5462
1050
ID: 5467
Cluny develops innovative agricultural practices and becomes major wine producer, with estates throughout Burgundy supporting the monastery
ID: 5467
1050
ID: 5468
Cluny becomes major pilgrimage site housing relics of Saints Peter and Paul, attracting thousands of pilgrims annually
ID: 5468
1073
ID: 5461
Pope Gregory VII (Hildebrand), influenced by Cluniac ideals, begins Gregorian Reform to eliminate simony and enforce clerical celibacy
ID: 5461
1077
ID: 5465
King Alfonso VI of Castile brings Cluniac monks to Spain, doubling annual tribute to Cluny and spreading Cluniac reform in Iberian peninsula
ID: 5465
1080
ID: 5464
Cluny's library becomes one of largest in Europe with over 570 manuscripts, making it major center of learning and theological study
ID: 5464
1088
ID: 5448
Construction begins on Cluny III, the third abbey church - will become largest church in Christendom until St. Peter's Basilica
ID: 5448
1095
ID: 5449
November 25, 1095
Pope Urban II, former prior of Cluny, consecrates the high altar of Cluny III during his journey to preach the First Crusade
ID: 5449
1098
ID: 178
Cistercian Order founded at Cรฎteaux - seeking return to strict Benedictine rule, will have 500 houses by 1200
ID: 178
1100
ID: 5458
Cluniac order reaches peak with over 1,000 monasteries and 20,000 monks across Europe, all under direct authority of Abbot of Cluny
ID: 5458
1115
ID: 181
St. Bernard founds Clairvaux Abbey - will become most influential churchman in Europe
ID: 181
1115
ID: 4939
St. Bernard enters Cรฎteaux monastery with 30 companions - revitalizes Cistercian order
ID: 4939
1120
ID: 5457
Saint Hugh of Cluny canonized by Pope Calixtus II; credited with numerous miracles and making Cluny the most powerful monastery in Europe
ID: 5457
1125
ID: 5466
Saint Bernard of Clairvaux criticizes Cluny's wealth and elaborate liturgy in his 'Apologia', sparking debate between Cluniac and Cistercian reform ideals
ID: 5466
1130
ID: 5450
Cluny III completed - becomes the largest church building in Europe (187 meters long) until reconstruction of St. Peter's in Rome
ID: 5450
1150
ID: 4983
St. Hildegard founds monastery at Bingen - becomes renowned for medicine, music, and mysticism
ID: 4983
1156
ID: 5451
Peter the Venerable dies; as ninth abbot of Cluny he commissioned first Latin translation of the Quran and defended monastery against Cistercian criticism
ID: 5451
1280
ID: 91
First mechanical clocks appear in English monasteries - regulating prayer times with gears not sundials
ID: 91
1440
ID: 5163
Cosimo commissions Fra Angelico to paint San Marco monastery - creates devotional frescoes in each cell
ID: 5163
1480
ID: 3570
Our Lady of Czฤstochowa - Multiple miraculous defenses of Jasna Gรณra monastery (1480-1490) - 1430: Image slashed by Hussite raiders - wounds remain visible
ID: 3570
1610
ID: 3455
Miracle of Holy Face image at Spanish monastery - Nun sees Face of Christ bleed during prayer - Blood analyzed as human type AB (same as Shroud)
ID: 3455
1790
ID: 5452
Abbey of Cluny suppressed during French Revolution; monks expelled and buildings begin to be sold as national property
ID: 5452
1798
ID: 5453
Systematic demolition of Cluny Abbey begins; locals use it as stone quarry - eventually only 10% of original structure survives
ID: 5453
1890
ID: 1099
Charles de Foucauld enters Trappists at Notre-Dame-des-Neiges, transfers to poorest monastery in Akbes
ID: 1099