53 events with tag "trade"
3000 BC
ID: 5335
Cyprus copper mining begins - island becomes primary copper source for Bronze Age, name 'copper' derives from 'Cyprus'
ID: 5335
3000 BC
ID: 5406
Egyptian wine production begins - tomb paintings show grape cultivation, wine jars labeled with vintage year and vineyard
ID: 5406
2500 BC
ID: 5407
Shiraz becomes wine center - Persian wine production and trade expands, Shiraz grapes spread throughout ancient world
ID: 5407
2000 BC
ID: 5358
Cornwall tin mining begins - essential for bronze production, traded across Europe to Mediterranean
ID: 5358
2000 BC
ID: 5732
Cinnamon from Ceylon used in Egyptian embalming - spices worth more than gold, 3000-mile trade route already established
ID: 5732
2000 BC
ID: 5773
Apples spread along Silk Road from Kazakhstan - traders carry seeds, natural hybridization creates sweeter varieties
ID: 5773
1500 BC
ID: 5409
Phoenicians spread wine culture - export wine and vines throughout Mediterranean, establish vineyards in colonies
ID: 5409
1213 BC
ID: 5733
Black peppercorns found in nostrils of Ramses II's mummy - pepper from India reaches Egypt, evidence of ancient spice routes
ID: 5733
1200 BC
ID: 5338
Tin trade disruption - Bronze Age collapse disrupts Cornwall-Mediterranean tin routes crucial for bronze production
ID: 5338
1150 BC
ID: 3642
International trade system collapses - tin routes disrupted, diplomatic marriages end, 'Great Powers Club' dissolved
ID: 3642
950 BC
ID: 2749
Queen of Sheba visits Solomon - tests his wisdom, establishes trade relations, gives 120 talents of gold
ID: 2749
950 BC
ID: 5734
Queen of Sheba brings spices to Solomon - controls frankincense and myrrh trade from Yemen, establishes trade relations
ID: 5734
800 BC
ID: 5339
Hallstatt salt mining wealth - salt mining prosperity funds elaborate Celtic burials, traded across Europe
ID: 5339
700 BC
ID: 5340
Etruscan iron mining in Elba - advanced smelting technology, iron traded throughout Mediterranean
ID: 5340
600 BC
ID: 5318
Phoenicians expand Rio Tinto operations - introduce cupellation for silver extraction, export metals throughout Mediterranean
ID: 5318
600 BC
ID: 5364
Greeks found Massalia (Marseille) - establishes wine trade with Celts, transforms Celtic culture through introduction of Mediterranean luxury goods
ID: 5364
500 BC
ID: 5367
Celtic wine consumption peaks - Diodorus describes Celts drinking wine unmixed (barbaric to Greeks), trading slave for amphora of wine
ID: 5367
450 BC
ID: 5368
La Tène warrior culture spreads with wine trade - Celtic mercenaries paid in wine, new artistic styles spread along trade routes
ID: 5368
400 BC
ID: 5361
Celtic iron mining expands - Noricum (Austria) becomes famous for high-quality steel, Celtic smiths supply Mediterranean
ID: 5361
350 BC
ID: 5371
Entremont becomes major oppidum - Saluvii Celts control trade routes between Massalia and interior, stone sculpture shows severed heads cult
ID: 5371
250 BC
ID: 5754
Ptolemy II rebuilds canal with locks - engineering marvel allows controlled water flow, Elephants from Africa transported via canal
ID: 5754
200 BC
ID: 5374
Roman wine trade with Gauls expands - Italian wine cheaper than Greek, Romans export 100,000s of amphorae annually to Gaul
ID: 5374
150 BC
ID: 5375
Manching oppidum reaches peak - 380 hectare Celtic city, 5,000-10,000 inhabitants, major trade center with specialized crafts
ID: 5375
150 BC
ID: 5395
Narbo founded as wine port - Roman colony established to control wine trade with interior Gaul, becomes major commercial hub
ID: 5395
139 BC
ID: 4705
Zhang Qian opens Silk Road - Emperor Wu sends envoy west, establishes trade routes
ID: 4705
130 BC
ID: 5396
Arverni control wine trade - most powerful Gallic tribe, King Bituitus displays wealth with silver wine vessels
ID: 5396
123 BC
ID: 4662
Mithridates II 'the Great' rules - Parthian Empire reaches greatest extent, controls Silk Road
ID: 4662
120 BC
ID: 3666
Bibracte becomes major oppidum - fortified Celtic town, 5000-10000 inhabitants, trade center
ID: 3666
100 BC
ID: 5379
Aedui become 'friends of Roman people' - Celtic tribe controls wine trade, exchanges slaves for Roman wine, later crucial Caesar allies
ID: 5379
90 BC
ID: 5380
Slave raids devastate Celtic society - tribes raid each other for slaves to trade for Roman wine, Posidonius describes social collapse
ID: 5380
55 BC
ID: 5359
Caesar notes British tin - describes Cornwall tin mines in Gallic Wars, attempts to control trade routes
ID: 5359
100
ID: 5440
Spanish wine dominates trade - Tarraconensis wine shipped throughout empire, Spanish amphorae found from Britain to Egypt
ID: 5440
408
ID: 5735
Alaric the Goth demands 3,000 pounds of pepper as part of Rome's ransom - pepper literally worth a city's freedom
ID: 5735
650
ID: 5736
Arabs establish spice trade monopoly - control Indian Ocean routes, keep sources secret from Europeans for 800 years
ID: 5736
834
ID: 3699
Vikings raid Dorestad - major Frankish trading center repeatedly attacked, demonstrating Viking reach into heart of Europe
ID: 3699
907
ID: 3708
Rus' Vikings attack Constantinople - Oleg's fleet threatens Byzantine capital, secures favorable trade treaty
ID: 3708
975
ID: 5840
German silver floods Europe - Rammelsberg output triggers economic revival, new coinages, expanded trade networks
ID: 5840
980
ID: 5841
Islamic silver reaches Europe via Vikings - millions of Arabic dirhams flow through Russia/Scandinavia from Central Asian mines
ID: 5841
992
ID: 5101
Golden Bull of 992 - Byzantine Emperor Basil II grants Venice extensive trading privileges in Constantinople
ID: 5101
1000
ID: 5737
Banda Islands only source of nutmeg in world - tiny islands control global nutmeg supply, worth more than gold
ID: 5737
1170
ID: 5761
Saladin courts Venetian traders - despite Crusades, allows Venice to trade in Alexandria and Cairo for naval support
ID: 5761
1190
ID: 88
Magnetic compass reaches Europe from China via Arab traders - revolutionizing navigation
ID: 88
1271
ID: 51
Marco Polo departs for China - will return with tales of Kublai Khan
ID: 51
1450
ID: 5688
Coffee cultivation begins in Yemen - Mocha becomes major coffee port, Ottoman Empire controls trade
ID: 5688
1498
ID: 109
Vasco da Gama reaches India using caravel and compass - 27,000 mile journey guided by needle pointing north
ID: 109
1575
ID: 5714
Tobacco reaches China via Fujian merchants trading with Philippines - spreads inland along trade routes
ID: 5714
1597
ID: 2196
First Dutch East Indies voyage returns 400% profit - demonstrating need for permanent capital and limited liability
ID: 2196
1615
ID: 5696
Coffee arrives in Venice from Ottoman Empire - first European coffee, Venetian merchants control early trade
ID: 5696
1667
ID: 5748
Dutch trade Manhattan for nutmeg island Run - keeping tiny Banda island worth more than New Amsterdam to Dutch
ID: 5748
1887
ID: 5612
August 23, 1887
British Merchandise Marks Act requires 'Made in Germany' labeling - intended to warn consumers of inferior German copies of Sheffield cutlery and Birmingham goods
ID: 5612
1896
ID: 5613
British journalist Ernest Edwin Williams publishes 'Made in Germany' - admits German goods now rival British quality, marking has backfired
ID: 5613
1979
ID: 1966
Iranian Revolution - German companies maintain trade while US loses influence
ID: 1966
2005
ID: 3115
Iranian nuclear crisis escalates - German companies maintain trade relationships
ID: 3115